ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to determine the level of food safety knowledge, and its determinant factors during eating out settings, among Indonesian adults after one year of the COVID-19 pandemic.@*METHODS@#A cross-sectional survey was carried out from April 19 to April 26, 2021, using an online questionnaire. Participants’ socio-demographic characteristics, exposure to information, as well as knowledge towards food safety during the COVID-19 pandemic were obtained using a convenience sampling technique. Data collected were subjected to descriptive statistics, chi-square analysis, and logistic regression analysis.@*RESULTS@#From a total of 551 completed responses, the majority of respondents were female (76.8%), between the ages of 18-25 years (41.2%), had a college (bachelor) degree (65.2%), and lived in Java Island (74.0%). About 45.4% were exposed to food safety information 1-2 times per week and more than half (56.8%) claimed to get trusted sources of food safety information from social media. After adjusting with other variables, the most dominant factor associated with the food safety knowledge during eating out were age (26-32 years) (OR=1.7, 95% CI 1.0-2.7) and gender (female) (OR=1.5, 95% CI 1.0-2.4).@*CONCLUSION@#After one-year of COVID-19 pandemic, the most dominant factors related to food safety knowledge are age and gender. Food safety knowledge has no significant association with attitude and practice.
ABSTRACT
To investigate the effect of earthworm inoculation on N mineralization rates of different quality organic matters from sugar agro-industry waste, we conducted a green house incubation experiment for 14 weeks in pots containing 7 kg dry soil. There are 12 treatment combinations.Factor I waswith (P) and without inoculation of P.corethrurus (N). Factor II was the type of OM which consisted of six levels: (1) without application of OM (control), (2) cow manure (CM), (3) filter cake (FC), (4) sugarcane trash (ST), (5) a mixture of CM + FC and (6) a mixture of CM + ST. The treatments were arranged in a factorial randomized block design with three replications. The amount of released N-NH4 +and N-NO3 - or mineral N was measured during incubation time from 1, 2, 4, 8, and 14 weeks after inoculation of earthworms. There was a significant effect of earthworm inoculation on N mineralization rate of different quality organic matters. Overall, rate of net N mineralization were higher in treatments with earthworm inoculation than without earthworm inoculation and the magnitude of the increase appears to dependent on the quality of organic matters. The largest difference were seen on ST and CM+ST treatments with the increase by 90 % and 157 % and the constant of N mineralization rate by 0.0147 and 0.0180 week-1 for the treatment with earthwormsinoculation.These results suggested that application of sugar agro-industry waste although having low quality can improve soil N availability in sugarcane land when aided by P.corethrurus activity.